H02- Hydraulic system

A hydraulic system is a group of hydraulic element arranged in an order to carryout desired function. Using the hydraulic element power is transmitted using a confined liquid. The hydraulic system is closed loop system. The figure shows the block diagram of hydraulic element.

Basic Components of hydraulic system

I. Tank/ reservoir: To hold hydraulic fluid.

II. Pump: A pump is used to force the liquid into the system.

III. Motor: An electric motor OR power source to drive the pump.

IV. Valves: Used to control liquid direction, pressure and flow rate.

V. Actuator: Is used to convert liquid energy into useful work.

VI. Piping to carry liquid to all location.

The system consist of a reservoir containing oil to which hydraulic energy is imparted(Pressure is increased) with help of a hydraulic pump.

The high pressure oil flows through pipe and its pressure is controlled by means of pressure relief valve,If the pressure from the pump is excess from the set pressure a part of the fluid is reverted back to the reservoir.

The hydraulic actuator which performs actual work which is controlled by control valves. After the completion of the work the oil flows back into reservoir.

Thus in hydraulic system the energy conversion takes place from one form to another form. Initially the pump is driven by electrical motor and hence it converts electrical energy to mechanical energy and in the pump mechanical energy is converted in to the hydraulic energy, finally in actuator the high pressure fluid performs the work i.e conversion of hydraulic energy into mechanical energy takes place.

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