H08- External gear pump

A gear pump consist of two meshing gear. One of the gear is connected to a driving shaft known as driver gear which drives 2nd gear called driven OR idler gear. These gear are enclosed inside the housing. These pumps are particularly used to transfer viscous fluid.

Construction: In external gear pump consist of following parts, which are shown Fig. i

The gear used here may be either spur gear OR helical gear. Each gear is mounted on the shaft supported on bearing in the end covers. One of these shaft/Gear is connected to the drive motor. Two ports are provided in which one acts as inlet and another one acts as outlet and are located on opposite sides of the housing.

Working: As the gear unmeshes a partial vacuum is created at the inlet. Due to this partial vacuum the fluid is drawing into the chamber formed between the unmeshing of teeth. The chamber carry the fluid around the outside of the gear. As the gear stars meshing at outlet it forces fluid to out and fluid which left the chamber is at high pressure.

Here the pumping action takes place very rapidly.

Note:

How the pressure is created? a pump creates flow and pressure by resistance to flow I.e pressure results whenever the flow of the fluid is restricted. The fluid is drawn into pump chamber through the inlet port due to the partial vacuum, due to reduced in the space causes resistance to flow in the upstream side causes pressure to build up.

Advantages

a. Simple in construction.

b. Compact and occupies less space.

c. Have longer life.

d. Fewer moving part.

e. Noiseless operation.

f. Some gear pumps are reversible.

g. It can handle extensive range of viscosities.

h. Since the gear pump works at lower speed the Output is smoother and controllable.

i. These pumps are self priming pumps

Disadvantages

a. Their design is complicated hence it costs more the centrifugal pump.

b. They are limited in size.

c. Since the fluid flows in between moving parts, the fluid should free from the abrasive particles.

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